FEUDALISM VIS-A-VIS LEFT MOVEMENT IN BIHAR IN THE WAKE OF DREADED MUKHIYA'S KILLING

For the last four days, Bihar, which is well known for feudalism and atrocity on weaker sections of the society, has once again gained more and more notoriety with the killing of the founder of the Ranveer Sena, a private army of landlords, conservative people and their upper caste tags, Brahmeshwar Singh Mukhiya in the suburb of Ara town by unkown assalaints. Apart from violences in Ara, damaging public property, arsons, loot  and assaulting poor and weaker sections of the society, the trouble spread to the state capital-Patna- where his body was cremated nearby Bansghat funeral site where the first President of India and apostole of peace and non-violence  Dr Rajndra Prasad was also cremated over 45 years back.
 The long processions of a particular sections of society, added and abeted by their caste's senior leaders, with the body of Mukhiya, known for murders of over 459 dalits ,muslims including children and women, specially in Bhojpur, Gaya, Jahanabad, Ara,  Arwal, Aurangabad district in late 1970, 1980s, 1990s reached Patna and created vandalism, violences, loot, anti-government slogans, and  strangely glorifying banned Ranveer Sena and Mukhiya.
 FREE FOR ALL AND  WHO ALLOWED CREMATION IN PATNA?::-It was free of for all of them. Police were no where to prevent any untowards incident. In the process, the arsonists with the body of Brahmeshwar Mukhiya, spared none, burnt police and private vehicles,, assaulted pepole on the main streets of Patna without any rhyme and reasons. And the police, under the command of the Director General of Police Abhayanand remained a silent spectators! Entire government machinery were found cripilled. In this critical hour. The chief minister of Bihar Nitish Kumar was away from the scene in the state capital on his sewa yatra tour of Bhagalpur and Kishanganj districts. His deputy chief minister and a senior Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) leader Sushil  Kumar Modi and other ministers and senior officials on whom Nitish Kumar bank for so called good  governance were conspicuous by their absence to control the situation!
With all these developments, a big question arises, "who allowed the funeral procession and cremation of Brahmeshwar Singh Mukhiya, who was killed at Ara, about 60 km from Patna, at the bank of Ganga river at  the Bansghat cremation ground"? Is he Abhayanand to appease the banned Ranveer Sena activists and their political associates including rebel JD(U) member of the Lok Sabha from Munger Lok Sabha seat  Lalan singh , the former union minister Akhilesh Singh,  of  then Rashtriya Janata Dal, now of the Congress , state unit chief of the BJP Dr C P Thakur?
FEUDALISM IN BIHAR:-Feudalism and caste war  are not new for Bihar. It all started in late 1960s vogorously in the state, in which it is said that over 20000 people, majority of them from dalits, muslims and poor among firward caste were killed. Initially it started with  socialist movement in Darbhanga and Madhubani under the CPI leader Bhogrendra Jha and Socialist leader Suraj Narayan Singh. Both Socilists and Communist parties fought for land to land less in these two districts by capturing forcively Darbhanga Raja lands and distributed them among landless.Later ultra left movement in Bihar started  raising voices against atrocity by feudal upper caste people  and finally culminated into caste and calss war by private armies of almost all upper caste people to suppress the voices of haves-not. Resultantly,at least two private armies-Ranveer Sena and Bhoomi Sena were formed in  late 1970s by land-owing fedal Bhumihar and backward Kurmi caste "in the name of protecting lands and farming from ultra left and dalits in central Bihar districts including Patna, Nalanda, Nawada, Gaya, Jahanabad, Ara, Rohtas, Aurangabad,Arwal ditricts etc  Kurmis' bhoomi sen wasmainly to protect their lands from ultra left and upper caste landloards! Subsequently intense fighting between these senas of vested interests in one hand and MCC (Now CPI-Maoists),and IPF (now CPI-ML)  and other naxal organisations started in these districts! By that time ultra left organisations had launched agitation for lands, home for homeless and stopping of atrocity on weaker sections of society  by feudal land-owing classes and caste.
Feudal mindest of upper caste grouped and regrouped under the over-all leadership of Ranveer Sena , formed by Baramhshwar Mukhiya. Under the gangloard ship of Mukhiya, upper caste people engaged in mass annihiliation of dalits, muslims, backwards, poor from upper caste in central Bihar districts. And Ranveer Sena activists under the direct  leadership Barhmeshwar Mukhiya started genocides in central Bihar districts and killed over 600 dalits, muslims, backwards, poor among upper caste to revenge the armed revolution of ultra left parties and killings of upper caste landed atrocious and feudal landlords and their family members in old Gaya and Arungabad districts.
KILLING SPREE:-Thereafter, killing sprees of dalits started and  over 300 of them were killed in massacres by Mukhiyas and his army members in late 1980s and in 1990s in Bathani toila, Lakshmanpur-Bathe, Nagari, Sidani, Ekwari, Haibashpur, Miyanpur , Panchkouli aaAkopur  and various other villages in  the central Bihar districts.
It all started from Congress rule and Laloo-Rabari rule in Bihar mainly. Mainly because Laloo Prasad Yadav, who on his height of mass populariity, had given voices to the weaker sections of society to resist and protest atrocity on them by rich , feudal upper caste in Bihar. Thus gravitation of killing spree  by Ranveer Sena \and his founder in central Bihar Barhmeshwar Singh took full form, Laloo Prasad Yadav had banned Ranveer Sena And a serious hunt to arrest Mukhiya was started during his regime..Laloo-Rabari tenure in Bihar had also constituted a judicial enquiry commission  led by Justice Amir Das to enquire into role of private armies, particularly Ranveer Sena led By Mukhiya in giving results of massacres after massacres in BIhar.
 The commission had spotted many active politicians of BJP, Congress etc of a particular sections of society in encouraging Ranveer Sena and its head Mukhiya. Being affarid of exposition, many such politicians had demanded scarapping of Amir Das commission. And at last , with the installation of  Nitish Kumar of NDA rule in Bihar, the chief minister Nitish Kumar, without assigning any reasons, had scrapped the commission, to utter surpricse of the people of Bihar! Its head and founder Brahmeshwar Mukhiya went underground and remnained elusive for over eight years. Ultimately Brahmeshwar Mukhiya was arrested from Exihibition Road house in Patna and put on trial in over two dozens massacres cases.
 Even during underground period, Brahmeshwar Mukhiya used to meet mediapersons and secretly mainly in Kankarbagh areas. Once during morning walk, this writer had by chance meeting with Mukhiya through common acquintances, morning walkers! I asked him why he is killing children and women of dalits. His instant reply to me during morning walk was that "our Sena and myself eliminate children as after growing they will become naxalites and raise their voices against upper caste" . About women, his reply was ,I and my sena activists  target them as they give birth to children, who would become naxalites to teach lessons to upper caste landowners." I was stunned with his such statement in early 1990s when Brahmeshwar Mukhiyta\had surfaced during morning walk in Kankarbagh areas with some of my and his common acquintances!
KILLING OF MUKHIYA BECAUSE OF GANGWARFARE:-Latest killing of Brahmeshwar Mukhiya, in my opinion, is the result of gangawrs among activists of  banned .Ranveer Sena as well as fight for political supremacy among higher caste, specially dominant Bhumihars among the legislators of NDA coalitoon government , comprising JD(U) and BJP in Bihar. Apart from that, one more reasons could be cited recent acquital of all the accused persons in a massacre case of 23 dalits including women and children in Ara district including Mukhiya , who were awarded capital punishment and  life  sentences by the district and session judge of Ara, had been declared null and void by the division bench of the Patna high court. Instead of appealing the case in the Supreme court, Nitish Kumar government showed dithering attitude to appease a particular upper case and his dominant alliance partner-BJP.. I think this must have antagonised concious and elightened people and they would have thought to give instant justice to Mukhiya by killing him.
ORIGIN OF NAXALWAD IN BIHAR:-In 1970s, over a dozen instances of killings of landlords and feudal forces had taken place in north Bihar. It all started from Musahari village in Muzaffarpur district where four landlords were killed by naxalites while carrying out their direct annihiliation theory, propunded by top -ranking naxalites- Charu Mazumdar and Kanu Sanyal. There after a seriors of murders of landlords and feudal people, having vested interests had taken place in Darbhanga district, specially in town areas. The then dreaded naxalite Umadhar prasad Singh, who was product of Naxalbari movement under the leadership of Charu and Kanu, killed a landlord Balani, who created atrocity among weaker sections of society in Darbhanga town suburb, and one Prasad of Mirzapur areas of  Darbhanga town, and known for investing money on high interest rate to poor and torturing them in case of non-payment, were killed by Umadhar Singh in direct action of Naxalites.Later Umadhar Singh had told mediapersons in late 1980s that ultra left had now chanmged their strategies because they could not get peoles' support for whom naxalites are eliminating feudal and landloards. Umadhar Singh later became three times MLA from Hayaghat assembly constituency and even today he is formewr naxalite but working for success of  naxal movementin the country leaving lonely at his Darbhanga town residence where on a few uyears ago before his death Kanu Sanyal was a regular visitor. Recently, I personally went to meet Umadhar Singh out of courtsey and sauw a host of present and pastMaoists at his residence chalking out strategies over a cup of coffee! Umadhar Singh was also key organiser in giving result to Musahari killings in Muzaffarpur district!

BHOJPUR TURF:-More over later, war of turf shifted to Bhojpur and Gaya zones of Bihar where under the stewardship of Veteran Naxalite top ranking leader Satya Narayan singh had given shapes to annihiliation theory of Naxalites at many places in these areas. Satyanarayan Singh, a resident of a nearby village of Ara town, had spent his whole life in Telegana\ areas in Andhra Pradesh for harbouring the naxal activities in that state. In his early 50s, Satyanarayan, who remained underground in Telegana areas, fell ill in the deep forest of Teleganana while underground  and before he was gven treatment, he died. It must be recalled  that his body was brought to Calcutta just after emergency during the regime of Morarjee Desai and his cremation took place on the confluence of Ganga-sea in Calcutta. His funeral procession was unique in the sense thar being from Bihar, worked whole life for ultra -movement throughout the country , specially in Telegana areas, was well attended. Thousands paid floral tributes to him. His funeral procession was four-kilo meter lomg,
After that mantel of ultra-left movement in central Bihar went to IPF , led by Vinot Mishra and MCC , now CPI-ML (Maoists). Their presence were significant in  late 1970s and 1980s and 1990s in Bihar. But at later stage, the IPF , who had gained most popularity among masses, were converted into a political Party-CPI-ML. Practically the CPI-ML had beeen left lone voices of masses in Bihar as one of the viable communist parties in the state. CPI-ML (Maoists) are also concnentrated in Bihar's Gaya, Jahanabad, Muzaffarpur, Champrans, Aurangabad, Jamui, Nawada, Sitamarhi, Raxoul, Purnia, Saharsa, Darbhanga etc areas in Bihar. Of late these naxal organisations are giving shape to spread the movement in different parts of Bihar by spreading its network. Earlier Laloo Prasad Yadav had sympathetic corner with Naxals and Maoists now Nitish Kumar has also applied same theory although during Nitish regime, many hardcore and senior naxal leadrs had been arrested and put behind bars!
In the background f of all thse developemnets in Bihar, the killing of Barhmeshwar Singh Mukhiya must not be taken seriously. But Nitish Kumar will have to answers many questions with latest developments in the wake of killings of Mukhiya and vilolences and vandalism in Ara, Patna and other placres of the state with tacit support of his  administration. Nitish Kumar, who is striving hard to build new Bihar and during his stewardship Bihar has started looking up on almost all fronts, must bev facing the worse challenges of his political life. Nitish will must to take final call!

Mamta is mass leader, Nitish is a manoeuvrer

In the last recent years, two regional straps-Mamta Bannerjee (West Bengal) and Nitish Kumar (BIhar)-have emerged powerful politicians  in eastern India out of" negative votes of the electorate in both the states, being disgusted with the misrule of left front government led by Buddhdeo Bhattarya in west Bengal and also Laloo-Rabari "so called Jungle Raj" in Bihar".But there are differences in "negativism" in West Bengal and Bihar. Mamta Bannerjee had been fighting continuously in West Bengal  in the last several years of her own and alone while in Bihar Nitish Kumar was working against the Laloo-Rabri misrule along with Hindu saffron party-Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).
 In one aspect Mamta Bannerjee had started anti-left campaign mainly through principled stand of land acquisition  from poor farmers mainly in Singur areas for Tata motors  as well as  atrocity by left brigades in West Bengal for the last 34 years. In the process, she took support of "negative votes" of urban middle class". One thing also went in her favour in dethroning left front government, her clean image and honesty  and  at the same time wide support base among  common masses including Muslim community, which constitute overr 28 percent in West Bengal and alliance with Congress in the last assembly elections in west Bengal  about one year back.
Moreover, Nitish Kumar, who upset Laloo-Rabari regime of Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) over seven years back and took over the rein of Bihar government, had only "negative votes" against RJD Situation in Bihar had gone bad to worse. But some how or other major chunk of vote banks of national president of RJD remained intact. Laloo was mainly defeated over seven years back with the support of upper caste votes consolidating against him and also militant attitude among upper caste to get Laloo anyhow humiliated. In the process, Laloo lost the support of dalits, poor, other backwards and  muslimsas as well as  even some chunk of votes of upper caste like Rajputs, who remained with him earlier. Practically , there were outburst against Laloo Prasad Yadav for creating mess in Bihar  during his rule in 15 years in Bihar. Nitish proved more tactful in managing these splinter votes along with bulk chunk of votes of miltant upper caste in both the assembly elections with the support of his alliance partners-BJP.
Like Mamta Baneerjee , Nitish could not be described as mass base leader! On the front of proven integrity, Mamta Bannerjee is at high pedestal-there have been no finger raised against her for accepting money or creating corrupt bureaucracy. In this sector, Nitish excelled many political leaders. During his regime of over seven years, corrupt practises have increased mani-fold in Bihar. Rather people of Bihar are groaning under corruptions right from panchayat and block level to secretariat level of Bihar government.
Not only that, there are no complaints against Mamta Bannerjee that she had given seats to industrialists or capitalists for Rajya Sabha on the consideration of money. But in Bihar, it is open secret that Nitish Kumar and his alliance partner-BJP have sold seats to industrialists and money mafia. In the process, Nitish Kumar from his JD(U) quota has given Rajya sabha seat twice to one King Mahendra of Bihar, a medicine producer allegedly  in lieu of money. A retired controversial  IAS official Mr N K Singh was admitted in JD(U) fold and made Rajya Sabha member from Bihar by JD(U) of Nitish Kumar, reasons best known to him. Singh was in no way connected with JD(U) any time in the past! In this respect Mamta had given her party nomination to a few journalists of proven integrity.
Mamta, having all political qualities, is not so shrewed like Nitish Kumar. Once Laloo had described Nitish Kumar that "Nitish has teeths in his  stomach (Nitish ke pet mein daint hai)"! Mamata, who has become targets of media in west Bengal because of her frankness while Nitish kumar has controlled the media by  practically declaring "undeclared censorship on news papers and news magazines as well as electronic channels" through his manoeuvrings in distributing advertisements indiscriminately  and also through pulling up owners of newspapers and electronic channels!
One factor is also marring Mamta's prospect in West Bengal despite her mass support base, Mamta appears all alone in carrying the responsibility of running her government without any vocal support from her party leaders in Trinamula Congress as well as Ally-Congress party. whereas Nitish Kumar has array of leaders both in his party-(JDU) and alliance partner-BJP to highl;ights the things unnecessarily. I find while Nitish Kumar making only announcements of developments in the last over seven years more and his colleagues in alliance partner and his own party more vocal in highlighting achievements and developments in Bihar-that are not true!
Unlike Nitish Kumar, Mamta has strong base among  Scheduled Caste,Scheduled Tribes and Minority Muslims (Muslims alone constitute around 28 percent of the West Bengal electorate). Although Nitish Kumar in Bihar has also initiated certain measures among Muslims, particularly Pasmanda (backward and dalit Muslims) to woe the minority, the muslims are still feeling not so secured in the hands of Nitish because of saffron party-BJP, being his alliance party in Bihar and at the  central level also. Muslims as a whole are not happy with Nitish Kumar for dividing Muslims as backwards and forwards Derfinitely, Nitish Kumar has implemented reservation for women and mahadalits for their upliftment for having biggest share of chunk of development measures. But these measures are already in vogue in West Bengal well before the installation of Mamta Bannerjee government in West Bengal! In this respect Mamta is in advantageous position because she has been beating left front from their sticks in the changed political scenario.
On land reforms measures and stopping of forcible land acquisition, Mamta Bannerjee had long back pulled up the carpet from left front government led by CPI-M in West bengal. Before coming to power Mamta had vigorously opposed the land acquisition move in Singur and Nandigram against the left government policy of land acquisition for industrial purposes. She put the left front on wrong box as harbourer of industrialisation by snatching land of  poor land owners, she presented herself as fighter for for the right of farmers. after assuming power in West Bengal she outmanoeuvred the left at its own game. She adopted firm stand against foreign direct investment (FDI) in retail, creation of special economic zone (SEZ) in West Bengal,. She also opposed Pension Fund Regulatory development authority bill at union level, which the left parties had made their own agenda. Similarly she had opposed  Lokayukta clause in the Lokayukta bill and has practically held to ransom the move of the centre on the National Counter Terrorism Centre notification under Unlawful Activities Act. She had been harping seriously on a three -year moratorium on the interest on loans taken by the west Bengal government in successive yrears from Union government.
On these scores, Nitish Kumar had lagged behind in vocally raising the issue. On land reform measures for implementing bataidari right and surplus land to landless, Nitish is yet to fulfil his promises despite the facts that  he had constituted Bandopadhaya committee on much fan-fare . Bandopadhaya committee's recommendations on land reforms if gatherinmg dust. To please upper caste vote banks and his alliance partner-conservative BJP, Nitish put the entire land reform measures in cold storage just on the eve of the last assembly elections to please the  vested interest vote banks! Unlike Mamta, Nitish is gradually acquiring lands for setting up industries for investors in Bihar.
Both have similarity in at least one aspects-that is wiping out opposition voices through political violences. In Mamta regime in the past one year more than 90 persons have been killed in political violences, mainly from CPM rank and file. Nitish Kumar also weakened the opposition voices in Bihar and has become allegedly instrumental  political violences , over 200 persons were killed in the last two years In Bihar-recent one is a liquor trader in Gopalganj district by his party MLA Pappu Pandey, against who a case has been registered for murdering the liquor trader a few days back. Opposition voices and suggestions are ignored by Nitish Kumar and practically thrown into waste papers baskets right from Assembly proceedings to government level.
 Mamta had different approaches from Nitish to refute her failures in governance. She used to tell entire thing has been "shajona (staged)"-right from Park street rape case to attacks on media, suicides of framers and agriculture labourers. On the other hand Nitish Kumar government in Bihar does not take notices of all these failures in authoritarian style although Mamta Bannerjee also believes in tackling her failures in authoritarian style. Mamta always sees the spectre of the CPI(M) behind any embarrassment to the government. In this game Nitish Kumar has unique style of silencing vocal opponents like Ram Bilas Paswan and Laloo Prasad Yadav, by reminding the people the past misdeeds of both these leaders.
Both Mamta and Nitish have to some extend achieved  success in tackling Naxalite or Maoists problems. While Mamta , who had got maximum support in dethroning left front government by Maoists, had forgotten all those things in "realpolitik". she discarded them after coming to power. she successfully combined armed forces operation against naxalites militants, fighting for advasis along with promise of development in the naxal-infested zones of Pachim Midanapore, Bankura and Purulia etc in the zone where Maoist violences, prevalent since 2008. Nitish Kumar, who is also in agonising moments because of intermittent naxal violences in  different parts of Bihar, specially in Champaran and Juamui region, has also played his card very cautiously and like Laloo Pradsad has made naxalites and their organisation his friends for temporary truce. His government, although, has even failed ro modernise the police forces and initiating development measures in naxal-infested areas in Bihar despite the facts that union government has pumped huge funds on this score.
Mamta has interestingly faced Gorkhaland problem by signing an accord with Gorkha Janmukti Morcha for the establishment of a larger autonomous Gorkha Territoral administration and in initiating anti-land acquisition for industries through a move to put on the investors themselves for acquiring land for setting up industries themselves, who have promised investment proposals of over Rs 80,000 crore in the first nine months of her tenure. In Bihar Nitish Kumar had  has not succeeded in preparing any blue prints for setting up industries in Bihar by investors although the Bihar government has received such proposals\worh over Rs 60000 crore in the last two years.
On the moratorium of interest on loans from union government, Mamta is fighting tooth and nails with the centre and also for adequate fund for the development measures for West Bengal and she has been given patience hearing by union government on this score , Nitish Kumar, who is raising persistent campaign for special status to Bihar, has been rebuffed by the Planning Commission that Bihar could not be put under special category quota. However, the long fight of Nitish has extracted assurances from union government and planning commission that special assistance's might be arranged to Bihar from central government!
Now the question is of mass appeal of both the regional stalwarts from eastern states. Mamta has clean image!
There used to become many ups and down for Mamta in West Bengal-but when I visited the many parts of West Bengal in March-April, I found that Mamta Bannerejee has definite mass appeal throughout the West Bengal!  Even her worst critics, never deny her courage, fortitute and financial integrity!She has proved that she is the credible leader in West Bengal against left parties.. She is the lone face among women leader, who without any tacit support of anybody, particularly male politicians, has succeeded in ending the 34 year rule of left front government in West Bengal. Many political obituary and epitaph have been written on Mamta but she proved that she is the mass leader of West Bengal without any black-spot. And After Jyoti Basu, Mamta Bannerjee has only appeal among masses of West Bengal. Here I must compare her with Laloo Prasad Yadav of Bihar, who had such tremendous mass appeal in touching the hearts of rural poor and in giving the poor the voices in Bihar in  late 1990s and early 2000s. Like Laloo Mamta , in her oratorial skill, speaks voices of people in West Bengal like Laloo in his typical style, used to speak the voices of poor in Bihar
Nitish Kumar of Bihar, who had given hopes and aspirations to the people of Bihar for rebuilding a new Bihar, has developed many ifs and buts.  Enlightened people had seen in Nitish Kumar, an able and efficient administrator like first chief minister of Bihar Dr Sri Krishna Sinha! But hopes and aspirations are bellying!His authoritarian and dictatorial style apart from his dependence on bureaucracy have cost him heavily and dented his public image. His image has taken down-turn specially in rural areas because of non-implementations of his  promises at the time of elections. Situation has come to such a pass that now the people have stated demonstrating against him and pelting stones on him during his various yatras in rural areas!.

MY TIME!

MY TIME:

For the last 15 to 20 days I am not in my mental frame of mind. Becase of that , I am not reaching out to my readers, viewers. Abot my mind, I fail to understand what The Almighty has desired for Me. I  have completely surrenderred before Almighty in the last leg of my life!

Welfare programmes and life of Dalits and Adivasi in India!

For the last few days, my mind is being agonised to see the reports about the plight of poor , dalits and Adivasis in India even after the facts that the Union government and various state governments pumping huge resources  for their upliftment  through various flagship programmes and implementation of  laws stringently for their welfare . Instead of development in  poor, dalits, and adivasis zones in the country and improvement in their life-style, they are getting more and more poor and these people are being exploited more and more! Just this reminds  me one of the statements of Dr B R Ambedkar," My final words of advice to you are educate, organise and agitate. Ours is a battle not for wealth or for power. It is battle for freedom. It is a battle for reclamation of human personality."
Since the Independence of the country in 1947, it appears that some things tangible are being made to uplift the rural poor, tribal, and dalits, but on the ground realities, we find very insignificant impact of all these measures; exploitations are there; untouchablity and hatred towards dalits and adivasis are prevalent; Feudals' conservative attitude towards them continue-and what not? Slight changes are there in exploitation-earlier it was by and large by  landlords, moneyed people, upper caste people,, bureaucrats-now a different class of neo-rich class in the shape of influential  political class, corporates, capitalists, industrialists, multinationals has emerged. Attitude of upper caste, landlords, conservative people have also added new dimensions to the present state of affairs.
Socio-economic rights of people through "flagship" programmes like Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan(SSA), Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MANREGA), National Rural Health Mission (NRHM), Integrated Child Development Scheme(ICDS), Indira awas Yojana(IAY) for houses to homeless as well as semblance of equality before law like removal of untouchablity, continued hatred of sons and daughters of lower caste in different spheres of life, particularly in educational institutions are gradually being trampled in India because of politicians-bureaucrats -upper caste - vested interest nexus! Same tales are with various state governments' welfare schemes to uplift poor , dalits and tribal! Amount for all these flagship programmes of government of India as well as welfare schemes of different state governments are being spent but fruits of benefits hardly reach to them in rural areas.In Human Development Index, deprived people are at the lowest level on almost all fronts.
Teams of social audits of implementation of  all these welfare measures by various organisations even of the Sample Survey Organisations of India (SSOI) and also by the international organisations like World bank and its subsidiaries, International Children Emergency Fund (ICEF) have exposed the hollow claims of the union  government and state governments about benefits and improvements in their life.Particularly , ICDS programme implementation  throughout the country is marred  by corrupt practises and the benefit to poor under the scheme fail to reach at the ground level.
 A recent book ," the Integrated Child Development Services: A flagship adrift" by K R Venugoapal, Konark Publication highlights important insights into functioning of the scheme In Andhra Pradesh and other parts of the country.Apart from that,audit reports of Audior and Comptroller General of India (CAG), specially in Bihar has pointed out various irregularities and corrupt practises in the flagship programmes of the centre and also welfare mare programmes of the Bihar government.Under NDA rule led by chief minister Nitish Kumar. Non-utilisation of fund on various flagship programmes of the centre by the Bihar government have been rampantly pointed out as per recently released CAG report on Bihar. The report has came down heavily on the Bihar government for financial indiscipline.The report has commented that Rs 10309 crore were transferred by the centre directly to the state implementing agencies, but the Bihar government hasd failed to submit proper documentation and status of expenditure by these implementing agencies. Fate crores of rupees spent by the Bihar government are not known, the report said,adding that  out of Rs 25331.05 crore drawn on 83542 AC bills, only 9425 DC bills for Rs 2755.68 crore were submitted to the Accountant General of Bihar. As on September 14, 2011, DC bills in respect of 74117AC bills for Rs 22575.37 crore drawn between 2003 to 2010-11 were not submitted despite repeated requests.Under one flagship programme ---Indira Awas Yojana----The Bihar government  due to carry over of funds in excess of the prescribed norms, resulting into non-release of Rs 794.14 crore by the central government.Over 10000 crore of central fund on MGNREG, ICD, NRHM etc have not been utilised, . Utilised amount of over Rs 3000 crore on these scores have been misappropriated at different level of Bihar government in the last two financial years!
Venigopal's book has given many food for thoughts how the major chunk of ICDS have been misappropriated in Andhra Pradesh districts, specially Anantpur of that state and other districts of of other states. The book of Venugopal has covered a wide range of issues including immunisation, health check ups and referral and the form it takes (locally cooked or prepared ready to eat) pre-school  education, maternal health, nutrition education. In all these aspect, the book has described the situation dismal and disappointing. Under the ICDS, even supply of iron and folic acid tablets to pregnant women and vitamin A tablets to children are not distributed in rural areas. All these have resulted into unsafe pregnancy and defects in birth. There are no centres, formally opened in the rural areas of the country.. Anganwadi Sevika , workers and helpers have lack of inadequate training for such activities. Venugopal has suggested in the book "all aganwadi centres be converted into creches that function from 8.30  am to 5.30 pm, retaining all the current services with additional provision for serving supplementary nutrition thrice a day, doubling the strength of anganwadi workers and helpers, utilising voluntary services of trained and willing adolescents girls and raising the honourarium of anganwadi workers for the longer hours of work."Apart from bungling of funds meant for ICDS under Aganwadi being misappropriated by government officials inconvenience with aganwadi workers, there is wide scale social discrimination . Upper caste children and women do not attend aganwadi centres, located in dalit tolas. They do not take food prepared by dalits anganwadi workers under ICDS. Upper caste men do not allow their children and  women to mix with lower caste children and women in aganwadi centres.Thus centre's major flagship programme is in deep sea like other programmes including MGERGS in rural areras of the country.
Such point has shocked me when I further analysed the facts about social discrimination and untouchablity practise  in educational institutions, particularly of national repute like AIIMS, where dalit and advasis students are tortured, resulting into their deaths in many cases. Such incidents have taken place with Angita Veghada, a first years students of B Sc. Nursing  ,Institute of Nursing, Ahmedabad,Jaspreet singh , final year MBBS, Government Medical college, Chandigrah,S  Amravathi, national-level young women boxer, Centre of Excellence, Sports Authority of AP, Hyderabad,Senthali Kumar, Ph D School of Physics, University of Hyderabad,Malepula Shrikant, Final year B Tech, IIT, Bombay, G Suman, Final year M Tech, IIT Kanpur, Ajay S Chandra, integrated PhD, Indian Institute of science, Banglore, D Shyam Kumar, First year B Tech, Sarojinin Institute of engineering and Technology, Vijayawada,Anil Kumar Meena, First year AIIMS, New Delhi, Sushil Kumar Chaudhary Final year MBBS, Chhatrapati shahuji Maharaj Meducal university (former KGMC), Luchknow, Manish Kumar,3rd year student of B tecxh, IIT Roorkee, G Varalakshmi, B Tech first year, Vignan Engineering College, Hyderabad,,Linesh Mohan Gawle, PhD, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, Madhuri Sale, Final Year B Tech, IIT Kanpur, J K Ramesh, second year B Sc. University of Agriculture Sciences, Banglore, Bandi Anusha B Com final year Villa Marry College, Hyderabad,and  Pushpoanjali Poorty, First year MBA, Vesvesvaraih Technological university Banglore. Lists are long!
A recent Opinion piece by S Anand in Outlook India, has pointed out, " Most children of from Disadvantaged caste end up as maids, child labourers or drop outs. In most of rural India Dalit students are asked to sit apart, sweep the school veranda or clean toilets.Omprakash Valmiki, the Hindi Dalit writer in his autobiography JOOTHAN, recalls the humiliation of being forced to perform his caste occupation by his head master, who told him,' Go sweep the whole playground. Otherwise, I will shove chillies up your arse and throw you out of school" Almost every first generation formally educated Dalit has such horror stories to share. For every youth who manage to persist with the skewed education system for members of the family skip a meal; sibling work as farm labour to help one person hope for and dream of a life of dignity. For a Dalit girl, the odds were are worse."
Following a report in the Telegraph, UK: " fewer than one in 100 students beginning courses at Britain's two oldest universities in 2010 were Black, including just 20 of the 2617 British students accepted to Oxford, a fall from 27 in 2009" A Black Labour Party MP collected data using freedom of information and wrote a column in The Guardian, ", lamenting, The Oxford whitewash."S Anand further wrote in his Opinion piece, "the debate in Britain is in sharp contrast to the silence in India. In 2006, following reports of discrimination in internal evaluation (especially practical and viva), segregation in  hostels, mess rooms and  in sports and cuiural events, A three-member  committee  headed by  Sukhdeo Thorat , then  chairman of the University Grants Commission,  conducted an enquiry into   the state of affairs in the AIIMS. The 77-page report of the Thorat committee indicted the administration on many counts and offered  recommendations but it was dismissed as prejudiced and no action was taken."
There is no murmur when dalit students are murdered in campuses, Anand says, What makes Indian society so shameless as to not just deny but even justify such prejudices against Dalits that lead to murders?" Anand further argues, " Just imagine the repercussions if Black students were to die half as routinely in Harvard or in Oxford as Dalits and Adivasis students die in AIIMS, IITS and IISCS."
Are you we not living in primitive  retrograde society?

Are the publications of books on 100th Year of Bihar by Bihar Legislative C-ouncil untrue and beyond historical fact?

One cannot ignore the historical facts based on true events, learning and historical records. And If one do that, he will have to put himself in ridicule. There is a phrase or proverb , " for hiding one truth, one has to speak thousands of lies to justify his stand and ultimately he becomes ridiculous in the eyes of both history, culture and many other aspects".
Such unprecedented stories are being planted by the Bihar government as well as the Bihar Legislative Council for celebrating the so called 100th years of the state. While the chief minister of Bihar Nitish Kumar is cashing on image building by holding centenary celebrations of Bihar here and in different parts of the country, the chairman of the Legislative Council Pundit Tara Kant Jha has gone a step further in celebrating 100th years of Bihar throughout the year-1912 as part of the centenary celebration programme of the Legislative Council and origin of Bihar. Over a dozen books , narrating Bihar and its people, culture, participation of people of Bihar in freedom movement etc, have been published in multi-coloured glossy papers in book forms. Contents in many books have ignored the facts on Bihar, based on history!
( I have  written two articles on March 5,2012 and March 14, 2012 on my blog-www.kksingh1.blogspot.com under headlines "Hype over Bihar Diwas vis-a-vis Facts about Bihar and Strange political development in mid 1950s to merge Bihar and Bengal  as joint state.)
Exactly, the Bihar government and Legislative Council have based that the origin of Bihar was   on March 22, 1912. It appears that both Bihar government and Legislative Council have erred in establishing of the exact year and date of creation of Bihar. As per historical facts, it was in 1912, a state of "Bihar and Orrisa" was created after carving out of the greater Bengal by British Raj-than how could anybody say that Bihar was created  in 1912-it was both Bihar and Orrisa was separated from Bengal and made a separate state.Exactly Bihar was finally came into shape as separate state in  in 1936 through an Act passed by the British Parliament. The Act was named as British India Act-1935 on which our Constitution is mainly based!
If one go into detail and admit the contention of Pundit Tarakant Jha and Mr Nitish Kumar's , sponsored books and statements, that Bihar was created in 1912 and its origin was in 1912 and that is 100th years of Bihar -than one  has to peep into the historical facts since East India Company days much , much before when our country was slaved by British Raj snatching the rule of slavery of  India from East India Company.In 1764, East India Company, which had initially come here for trading, had started taking interest in the rule of India. At that time,a battle, namely" Battel of Buxar" had taken place between Nawabs of Awadh and other small rulers one side and Birtish India Company on another side. Ultimately, the British East India Company had won the battle. The Company got raiyati rights of Bihar, Bengal and Orrisa and started ruling over them. The company formed "Presidency of Bengal", comprising Bihar, Bengal and Orrisa. after ruling for several years the company handed over the suzerainty to British Raj and India along with entire south, and west, east was slaved by British Raj.
Historians and History books have such orientation about creation of Bihar. Only Mr Nitish Kumar and Pundit Tara Kant Jha could tell the justification of exact date of origin of Bihar state in India. Facts are crystal clear! Facts need broader debate over exact date of origin of Bihar although Bihar is ancient old and formerly named as Behara Books on centenary celebrations on glossy coloured papers with aggrandisements of present day political rulers have hardly referred the historical facts about the origin of Bihar, published by Legislative Council and also by the Bihar government.
However, the legislative Council has engaged on at least one historian, Prof Nihar Nandan Sinha, a professor of Patna university, who had has mainly written on the contributions of people , engaged in the freedom movement instead of digging up historical facts about origin of Bihar except at one point he has mentioned about creation of Bihar and Orrisa as separate state by carving out Bengal in 1912. Other persons engaged in the publications of the books , published by Legislative Council, come from general walks of life and they have no connections with historical facts about origin of Bihar.
In my opinion Pundit Tara Kant Jha and Mr Nitish Kumar should hold a broader debates by historians bo, expert ON both ancient and medieval period to come the conclusion of exact dates of origin of Bihar! Both owe an explainations from the people of Bihar!

COMMUNAL HARMONY IN INDIA| SINCE MEDIEVALPERIOD!

Apart from some unfortunate incidents like demolition of Babari Masjid a few years back and killings of thousands of people of Muslims and Hindus in the wake of partition of the country as well as some serious Hindu-Muslim riots in independent India in past years and also before that some destruction of religious places by Muslim rulers in the medieval period, communal harmony has remained by and large an important factor in the country amid tremendous diversity in India! Only because of that, we are holding our country together in secularism and giving equal respect to all communities.
I must begin with a quote of the eminent scholar and former judge of the Supreme court Markandey Katju, before deliberating more facts on the secular fabric of India. Justice Katju has said, " Since there is so much diversity in India the only policy which will work is the policy of secularism and giving equal respect to all communities. Otherwise India will break up into a hundred pieces since there is so much diversity." Justice Katju has made this remark while delivering his speech to non-residents Indians in California in June 2011.
We must remember about our modern India. In Katju's opinion, two people -Emperor Akbar and  and former prime ministerPundit  Jawahar Lal Nehru can be said the creators of present day modern India..
Emperor Akbar has no parallel in the world as ruler of honesty and integrity. In the 16th century Akbar had proclaimed the doctrine of Suleh-ekul, which means "universal tolerance of all religion." At that time there were upheavals in Europe. Exuropeans were massacring each other in the name of religion, Catholics massacring Protestants, Proteststants massacring Catholics and both massacring Jews. Similarly In India, religious passions were inflamed after partition in 1947 and people of both Hindu and Muslim communities behaved like animals. Both of them were butchering each other. Pakistan had declared itself an Islamic state. We can imagine tremendous pressure on the then prime minister Pundit Jawaghar Lal Nehru  at that time to declare India as Hindu state! But Pundit Nehru kept cool and declared that India will not be a Hindu state but  will be secular state and provided such Constitution to India! Katju has further commented, " For this reason, we are relatively more stability as compared to our neighbouring countries.
More over, initially Muslim invaders including Mahmud Ghazani, had demolished a lot of temples including Somanath temple. But their descendants, who were Muslim rulers in different parts of India, did not disturb the secular equilibrium of India. In many cases, historically We find that they used to give grants for upkeep and maintenance of temples. They celebrated Holi and Diwali festivals together. One example, Babar was  an invader but Akbar was not invader; he was born in India and was very much an Indian. These descendants of the invaders,  ruled India,, having population of 80 to 90 percent Hindus. If they continued in demolishing temples, there would have been turmoil and in their interest, they fostered communal harmony; they gave grants to temples, they celebrated Hindu festivals. another example" Nabab of  Awadh  used to organise  Ramlila and celebrate Holi and Diwali. Tipu Sultan used to give annual grants to 156 temples, his prime minister was a Hindu called Purnaiya and his commander-in-chief was a Hindu, called Krishna Rao. Tipu Sultan sent 30 respectful letters with grants to the Shankaracharya of Sringeri."
Surprisingly British had always played games to divide Muslim and Hindu- In history of that time, you will find mention of communal tinges in the society between Hindu and Muslim but will not find communal harmony, spread by Muslim rulers in the form of "land grants for building Hindu temples, celebrated and organised Hindu festivals etc".
Our history books, influenced by Britishers, have depicted many nasty stories of communal disharmony! One instance is about a book written by Professor of Sanskrit in Calcutta university Harprasad Shastri, in which, 'it was mentioned that Tipu sultan told 3000 Brahimins to covert to Islam or otherwise they would be killed and those 3000 Brahmins committed suicide rather become Muslims. On reading this, Professor of History in Allahabad university Prof Pandey  said that when he asked Prof Shastri about the source of such write up, Prof Shastri replied that that the source of information was the Mysore Gazetteer. again Prof Pandey wrote to Prof of history in the Mysore University Srikant-Prof Srikant wrote back to Prof Pandey that this was totally false-there is no such mention in the Mysore Gazetteer; rather correct version was just reverse namely the  Tipu Sultan used to give annual grants to 156 temples, he used to send grants to the Shankracharya Of Sringeri."
Justice Katju further spoke in his lecture, " It is time we rewrite our history books and show that in fact upto 1857 there was no communal problem at all in India. A composite culture had been developing in India. Hindus used to participate in Eid and Muharram celebrations and Muslims used to participate in Holi , Diwali etc festivals. There were some difference no doubt, but they were becoming narrower."
He further said, " In 1857, the great mutiny took place. Hindus and Muslims jointly fought against the British. After suppressing mutiny it was decided by the British rulers that that the only way to control country was to divide and rule. In other words, Hindu and Muslims  must be made to fight each other. Communal riots started in 1857. English collector would secretly call Hindu pundits and give him money to speak against Muslims and similarly he would secretly call the Maulvi and give him some Maulvi to speak against Hindu. A racket was started in this way and and this resulted ultimately into partition in 1947."
After we achieved part independence, there were many Hindu-Muslim riots were reported and it started from Ranchi and Jamshedpur in joint Bihar. There after, many more were reported in the country, killings of thousands of people exact figure of killings in Hindu-Muslim riots since independence have been carried out in the Outlook India recently. Worse communal carnage was reported in Gujarat and the chief minster oif Gujarat Narendra Modi was allegedly main conspirators in eliminating Muslims from Gujarat. Many killings of Muslims in riots were reported from Gujarat under the leadership of Narendra Bhai Modi. Demolition of Babari Masjid in Ayodhaya by Hinduvata forces, particularly Bharatiya Janata Party, led by Lal Knrishna Advani has become another blot on the secular fabric of India!
Justice Katju has cautioned Indians and said, " India is passing through transitional phase from feudal agriculture society to to an modern industrial society. In my opinion the duty of all patriotic people is to help in shortening this transition period, in reducing this pain.....there is going to be turmoil in this period since the vested interest of old feudal order will not give up their vested interests without a fierce struggle-------we must combat caste ism, communal ism and superstitions in order to get over the transition period faster and with less pain."
Sources:BOOKS: History in the Service of Imperialism,; Mysore Gazetteer; Speech of Prof B N Pandey in Upper House of Parliament in 1977;Articles on website kgfindia.com like Kalidas Ghalib Academy for Mutual U;understandings,Great Injustice to Urdu in India, Sanskrit as a Language of Science; An article in The Frontline fortnightly based on the speech delivered by Justice Markandey Katju to non-resident Indians in California in June 2011.

ORIGIN OF COMMUNISM IN INDIA VIS_A_VIS COALITION ERA IN INDIA!

In my earlier blog, I have reasoned in detail  importance of regional parties in coalition government in India at a time when both national parties-Congress and Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) waning its  influence and importance in the country's political scenario!
Communism has their origin lies before the independence of the Country. Communists had  initially split from the  Indian National Congress and subsequently from a pressure group within the Congress-Congress Socialist Party(CSP). Many books have been written on the origin of Communism in India (Whilch I will name later on), mainly on the communists' split with the Congress Socialist Party; the CPI 's stand on the second world war; the second party congress in 1948; evolution of tactical line, the leaders' historic meeting with Joseph Stalin in Moscow; the Telengna struggle and the Andhra Thesis. Eminent writer A G Noorani has threw light on communism and communists . In my view, communist plays important role in this coalition era in the country!
On the basis of an interview with towering communist leader of India , Jyoti Basu on behalf of NMMLby , Shikha Mukherjee and Usha Prasad on December 18,2001 on some in depth facts about communism and its role in formation of coalition governments at the centre and states have come to light. Apart from speaking about lack of proper policy with regards to giving autonomy and more powers to the Kashmiris, ways to put down militancy and solution of problems politically etc, Jyoti Basu had said to the interviewers, "It was not just once that he was invited to become prime minister. The full accounts bear quotations in extenso. You see, when the United Front was there, we got a majority and the Congress said that it would support us so as to keep the BJP at bay.  So we got together, but who would be the prime minister? VPSingh would be the best person, but he was ill. So they all, 12 parties, said: you must be the prime minister.Why did they say it? It was not because I am God's son, but because, as you said, I have got experiences of running a United Front government and the left Front government. That is why they thought that our party should join the 12-parties government, and I should become prime minister."
Basu had further said, "Then what happened was that because before the elections, we had no common programme although we were fighting together against the Congress. we said in the election meetings-I had spoken in many election meetings: We should help to form government but we will not be part of it(That had been our View). Now since you are requesting 12 parties, including CPI, whose representative Indrajit Gupta became the home minister, we have to call a meeting of the central committee of the CPI-M. That is the way we function; it is democratic functioning. So we called a meeting of of the central committee on their request:: This new situation  has arisen and so we have to have a programme that they want us to enter the government and I become the prime minister. In voting there was division. I think by 8 or 10 votes we lost-our general secretary  and I were in the minority. We thought politically it would be excellent thing and the right thing to do so to join this government and head it, try to lead it. Even though it may be for few months, it would be politically advantageous. But the majority thought otherwise that it would be a great risk for us to join with these people but we said: Already we had worked out common minimum programme for West Bengal United Front government. Now we will have common minimum programme at the centre. As people saw in West Bengal united Front government, similarly, on an all India scale it will help our party, it will help the left forces. Other said: nothing can be done with leading the government but we can support 12 of them. Some of them , that is true also, were very much against our policies like the then Finance minister, he was very much against our policy but our argument was: In the centre, the prime minister is unlike what we have in West Bengal, in Kerala. In the centre the prime minister wields a lot of influences and we can for the time being influence them***********The people would have new experience,. Within these limitations so many things could be done. Then if we are thrown out we shall leave a new experience for the people cannot last for five years. The Congress is supporting us. When they will withdraw support, people will judge who is to blame. If  it is breaks up, then we could leave some thing behind for the people***** but my argument was not accepted by the majority. Again a second meeting was called. This time also we failed. Among the comrades of West Bengal also there are also division******".
"When 11 non-communist parties, VPSingh and others asked the CPI(M)-the CPI had decided to join the government-to join the government will with me as prime minister, it would be correct step. In parliamentary democracy, never in the world has a such situation arisen. Again I say this is a historic blunder. Historic, why, because such opportunity does not come, history does not present you with such opportunities. But anyway that was that..........."
AS regards BJP coalition  working, Basu had said, " all these state parties and groups want to become ministers. We cannot form such coalition. According to us, if there is not  minimum understanding sincerely pursued , we should not have a government, but the BJP does not believe in any principles or politics, it wants to rule and Hinduvata and all this business are there; they are guided by the RSS (Rashtriya Swayasevak Sangh) and the VHP (Vishwa Hindu Parishad),, " Basu added and cited several examples when he was requested by Congress including Arjun Singh, Pranaba Mukherjee and  Samajwadi leaders like Chandra Shekhar and the then Samajwadi Yashwant Sinha , now in BJP, Mulayam singh Yadav had requested me to become prime minister!
Now I will shift on history of Communist movement in India. To begin with I must refer towering EMS Namboodirpad and his interview to Hari Prasad Sharma. EMS had said, "Actually I first came in touch with the communist groups in Andhra about February 1935 when M RMasani and myself were returning from Nagpur where a meeting of the national executive of Congress Socialist Party(CSP) was being held. We both went to Guntur to address a meeting of the ( CSP). There there was a group of communists; they were putting questions to Masani and he was answering them. Persons , who were asking questions on behalf of e M Basavapunniah of Communist Party. I was not knowing them and had no interactions with them. The actual  personal contact that I had with communist with South India or with the communists anywhere in India was some time in October 1935 and that was at Madras with P Sundarayya.. Again the opportunity was meeting of Indian National Congress in Madras in which I had gone there to participate as Congress delegate.There a radical conference was being held, a forum in which all the radical groups like the Royists, the CPI, the CSP and unattached individuals and trade unions had been participating. The meeting was attended by Krishna Pillai and myself. One of the delegates was also P Sundarayya. and I met him and that the first real discussions held between authorised  representatives of the Communist Party and us in 1935."
EMS had further said to interviewer, " a nucleus of Communist Party was formed in Andhra. From there my journey to communist party began. There after I met Jayaprakash Narayan, actively involved in CSP and told him that I was keeping contacts with communists. CSP led by JP wanted to unite all revolutionary forces including the communists. From there I spread the network of communist party in Kerala and other parts of the country.: EMS added.
P Sundaarayya was legend in his own life time in Telengana. He had told HDSharma in his  interview, " JP and Acharya Narendra Dev and certain other sections were definitely for a united movement though they did not want this full-fledged communist approach. One accusation against us that the communists will always follow the instruction they got from the communist international or what they call the Soviet leadership. Majority was with JP, naturally, did not accept some of the issues that were raised and knowing that we could not get through we also did not insist too much on it.Congress socialism was contradictory in words and would pave way to fascism," he added and continued for ultra communist movement in Telengana region of Andhra.
Another senior Communist leader Basavapunniah told his interviewer Sharma about the Telengana revolt in detail. After war in 1945, this movement in Nizam's areas had taken a very militant form. When we had to fight against Nizam, his Razakars, his army, his police and all that, then we were compelled to go far guerrilla warfare, armed warfare and with all these ideas we had go through Mao's theory of partisan welfare, guerrilla warfare and peasant warfare etc.. The Andhra unit took the lead in this respect because it went into action first, a militant form of struggle and faced police bullets, repression by armies of theNizam and all that.. The second phase of revolution was after the Indian government had come in. The alternative that had posed before us was either to abandon the whole struggle and leave the land and leave the peasantry to its fate or to organise the peasantry and resist and demand that these lands must be with us and not allow landlords to reoccupy the land. The Government of India was trying to suppress it with arms. We decided to that we must resist the maximum. So this resistance went for on for three years. Whereas Sardar Patel was thinking that in 30 days everything will be finished but it took three years. Meanwhile Sardar had finished himself but the movement it was not finished."
In between Communist party faced many splits in its rank and file! But the communism have not died down.. Of all communist leaders SA Dngeh proved a villain of the piece in weakening the communism in India. In 1920s Dange, of fascinating character man, a brilliant pamphleteer, orator and a supple tactician had apologised to the British government and released from Sitapur jail where he was serving four-year-sentence in Kanpur conspiracy case, eminent columnist Noorani has said..
Ultimately united Communist party split and CPI(M) and CPI remained on  in existence as well as communist , having hard lines design, also split and continuing in various factions like CPI-ML , many groups, CPI (Maoists) etc. But these communist parties have their regional standings and winning elections of both Lok Sabha and state assemblies in the country and raising the voices of poor against exploitations

.
SOURCE:Essays of AGNoorani; in three parts in Fortnightly  English  FRontline, Extracts from interviews with senior leaders of the Communist movement conducted on behalf of the Nehru Memorial Museum and Library,, The Current, a Bombay tabloid  of March 07,1964.; Statements of  veteran communist and ablest pamphleteers of the country  PCJoshi; EMS's book How I become a communist, Chinta Publication, 1976; Reminiscences of an Indian Communist, National Book Centre, 1987 AKGopalan's book- In the Cause of the People: Reminiscences, Orient Longsman-1973; Muzaffar Alis's Myself and the Communist Party of India 1920-1929, National Book agency , Calcutta-1970;; P Sundarayya's Telengan Peoples' struggle and its lesson, published by Desraj Chadha on behalf of Communist Party of India -Marxist; NKKrishanan's Testament of Faith......Memoirs of a communist, New Delhi Publishing House-1990; ; Mohit Sen's a traveller and the Road: The journey of Indian Communist, Rupa and Company, 2003>.